រឿងមហាភារតយុទ្ធ៖ ភាពខុសគ្នារវាងកំណែនានា
ខ្លឹមសារដែលបានលុបចោល ខ្លឹមសារដែលបានសរសេរបន្ថែម
ត Bot: Migrating 92 interwiki links, now provided by Wikidata on d:q8276 (translate me) |
No edit summary |
||
បន្ទាត់ទី១៤៖
(នៅមានត)
===The 18 parvas or books===
The division into 18 parvas is as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Parva
!Title
!Sub-parvas
!Contents
|-
|1
|[[Adi Parva]] ''(The Book of the Beginning)''
|1–19
|How the Mahabharata came to be narrated by [[Ugrasrava Sauti|Sauti]] to the assembled [[rishi]]s at [[Naimisharanya]], after having been recited at the ''sarpasattra'' of [[Janamejaya]] by Vaishampayana at {{IAST|[[Takṣaśilā]]}}. The history and genealogy of the [[Bhāratas|Bharata]] and [[Bhrigu]] races is recalled, as is the birth and early life of the [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru]] [[List of characters in the Mahabharata|princes]] (''adi'' means first).
|-
|2
|[[Sabha Parva]] (The Book of the Assembly Hall)
|20–28
|Maya Danava erects the palace and court (''sabha''), at [[Indraprastha]]. Life at the court, Yudhishthira's Rajasuya Yajna, the game of dice, and the eventual exile of the Pandavas.
|-
|3
|[[Vana Parva]] ''also'' Aranyaka-parva, Aranya-parva (The Book of the Forest)
|29–44
|The twelve years of exile in the forest (''aranya'').
|-
|4
|[[Virata Parva]] (The Book of Virata)
|45–48
|The year spent incognito at the court of [[Virata]].
|-
|5
| [[Udyoga Parva]] (The Book of the Effort)
|49–59
|Preparations for war and efforts to bring about peace between the Kurus and the Pandavas which eventually fail (''udyoga'' means effort or work).
|-
|6
| [[Bhishma Parva]] (The Book of Bhishma)
| 60–64
|The first part of the great battle, with [[Bhishma]] as commander for the Kauravas and his fall on the bed of arrows. (Includes the [[Bhagavad Gita]] in chapters 25<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m06/m06025.htm |title=The Mahabharata, Book 6: Bhishma Parva: Bhagavat-Gita Parva: Section XXV (Bhagavad Gita Chapter I) |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |date= |accessdate=2012-08-03}}</ref>-42.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m06/m06042.htm |title=The Mahabharata, Book 6: Bhishma Parva: Bhagavat-Gita Parva: Section XLII (Bhagavad Gita, Chapter XVIII) |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |date= |accessdate=2012-08-03}}</ref>)
|-
|7
| [[Drona Parva]] (The Book of Drona)
|65–72
|The battle continues, with [[Drona]] as commander. This is the major book of the war. Most of the great warriors on both sides are dead by the end of this book.
|-
|8
| [[Karna Parva]] (The Book of Karna)
|73
|The battle again, with [[Karna]] as commander.
|-
|9
|[[Shalya Parva]] (The Book of Shalya)
|74–77
|The last day of the battle, with [[Shalya]] as commander. Also told in detail is the pilgrimage of Balarama to the fords of the river Saraswati and the mace fight between Bhima and Duryodhana which ends the war, since Bhima kills Duryodhana by smashing him on the thighs with a mace.
|-
|10
| [[Sauptika Parva]] (The Book of the Sleeping Warriors)
|78–80
|[[Ashwathama|Ashvattama]], Kripa and Kritavarma kill the remaining Pandava army in their sleep. Only 7 warriors remain on the Pandava side and 3 on the Kaurava side.
|-
|11
| [[Stri Parva]] (The Book of the Women)
|81–85
|[[Gandhari (character)|Gandhari]], Kunti and the women (''stri'') of the Kurus and Pandavas lament the dead.
|-
|12
| [[Shanti Parva]] (The Book of Peace)
|86–88
|The crowning of [[Yudhisthira]] as king of Hastinapura, and instructions from [[Bhishma]] for the newly anointed king on society, economics and politics. This is the longest book of the Mahabharata (''shanti'' means peace).
|-
|13
| [[Anushasana Parva]] (The Book of the Instructions)
|89–90
|The final instructions (''anushasana'') from Bhishma.
|-
|14
| [[Ashvamedhika Parva]] (The Book of the Horse Sacrifice)<ref>The ''Ashvamedhika-parva'' is also preserved in a separate version, the ''Jaimini-Bharata'' (''Jaiminiya-ashvamedha'') where the frame dialogue is replaced, the narration being attributed to [[Jaimini]], another disciple of Vyasa. This version contains far more devotional material (related to Krishna) than the standard epic and probably dates to the 12th century. It has some regional versions, the most popular being the [[Kannada]] one by Devapurada Annama Lakshmisha (16th century).[http://www.harekrsna.com/sun/features/07-06/features360.htm The Mahabharata]
{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}</ref>
|91–92
|The royal ceremony of the [[Ashvamedha]] (Horse sacrifice) conducted by Yudhisthira. The world conquest by Arjuna. The Anugita is told by Krishna to Arjuna.
|-
|15
| [[Ashramavasika Parva]] (The Book of the Hermitage)
|93–95
|The eventual deaths of Dhritarashtra, Gandhari and Kunti in a forest fire when they are living in a hermitage in the Himalayas. Vidura predeceases them and Sanjaya on Dhritarashtra's bidding goes to live in the higher Himalayas.
|-
|16
| [[Mausala Parva]] (The Book of the Clubs)
|96
|The infighting between the [[Yadu|Yadavas]] with maces (''mausala'') and the eventual destruction of the Yadavas.
|-
|17
| [[Mahaprasthanika Parva]] (The Book of the Great Journey)
|97
|The great journey of Yudhisthira and his brothers across the whole country and finally their ascent of the great Himalayas where each Pandava falls except for Yudhisthira.
|-
|18
| [[Svargarohana Parva]] (The Book of the Ascent to Heaven)
|98
| Yudhisthira's final test and the return of the Pandavas to the spiritual world (''[[svarga]]'').
|-
|''khila''
|''[[Harivamsa|Harivamsa Parva]]'' (The Book of the Genealogy of Hari)
|99–100
|This is an addendum to the 18 books, and covers those parts of the life of [[Krishna]] which is not covered in the 18 parvas of the Mahabharata.
|}
{{រឿងមហាភារតយុទ្ធ}}
== ឯកសារយោង ==
| |||