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== សាសនាគ្រីស្ទ ==
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biblesuite.com/hebrew/useirim_8163.htm|title=Hebrew Concordance: ū·śə·‘î·rîm – 1 Occurrence|publisher=Biblesuite.com|date=|accessdate=2014-03-12}}</ref>[[ឯកសារ:Ottheinrich_Folio051r_Mc5A.jpg|រូបភាពតូច|រូបគំនូរនៅមជ្ឈឹមសម័យ គូរដោយ Ottheinrich Folio ពិពណ៌នាអំពីព្រះយេស៊ូវដេញអារក្សឲ្យចេញនៅកេរ៉ាស៊ីន
[[ ឯកសារ:Ottheinrich_Folio051r_Mc5A.jpgMedieval illumination| រូបភាពតូច|[[(Medieval illumination]] from the Ottheinrich Folio depicting [[Jesus]] [[Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac|exorcizing the Gerasene demoniac]] ]])▼
]]
==== New Testament ====
▲[[ឯកសារ:Ottheinrich_Folio051r_Mc5A.jpg|រូបភាពតូច|[[Medieval illumination]] from the Ottheinrich Folio depicting [[Jesus]] [[Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac|exorcizing the Gerasene demoniac]]]]
ពាក្យ "demon" (មកពីភាសាក្រិក δαιμόνιον ''daimonion'') មានប្រើ៦៣ដង ក្នុងសញ្ញថ្មីនៃព្រះគម្ពីរគ្រីស្ទាន។<ref name="BibleHub-Daimonion">{{cite web|title=1140. daimonion|url=http://biblehub.com/greek/1140.htm|publisher=Biblos.com|accessdate=20 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="Burton_Grady">Dan Burton and David Grandy, ''Magic, Mystery, and Science: The Occult in Western Civilization'' (Indiana University Press, 2003), p. 120 [https://books.google.com/books?id=vSWSSBU7EdwC&pg=PA120&dq=%22The+Hebrew+term+for+demons%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=1&as_miny_is=2009&as_maxm_is=12&as_maxy_is=2009&num=100&as_brr=3&as_pt=ALLTYPES online].</ref><ref>Encyclopedia of Spirits: The Ultimate Guide to the Magic of Fairies, Genies, Demons, Ghosts, Gods & Goddesses – Judika Illes – HarperCollins, Jan 2009 – p. 902 [https://books.google.com/books?id=jDr51XX_YjEC&pg=PA902&dq=shedim#v=onepage&q=shedim&f=false]</ref>
<ref name="Harris">[[Stephen L Harris|Harris, Stephen L.]], ''Understanding the Bible''. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. It is considered one of the [[pseudepigrapha]] by [[Protestant]], [[Roman Catholic]], and [[Eastern Orthodox]] Churches</ref><ref>Moshe Berstein, ''Angels at the Aqedah: A Study in the Development of a Midrashic Motif'', (Dead Sea Discoveries, 7, 2000), 267.</ref><ref>Jubilees 10:7–9</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=ANGELS AND DEMONS IN THE BOOK OF JUBILEES AND CONTEMPORARY APOCALYPSES|last=Hanneken Henoch,|first=T. R.|year=2006|pages=11–25}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=THE ANGEL STORY IN THE BOOK OF JUBILEES IN: Pseudepigraphic Perspectives : The Apocrypha And Pseudepigrapha In Light Of The Dead Sea Scrolls|last=VanderKam|first=James C.|year=1999|pages=151–170}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The complete Dead Sea scrolls in English|last=Vermes|first=Geza|publisher=Penguin|year=2011|location=London|page=375}}</ref>
នៅក្នុងព្រះគម្ពីរគ្រីស្ទាន បានបកស្រាយថាព្រះរបស់សាសនាផ្សេងៗគឺជាអារក្ស (demons) (មកពីភាសាក្រិក δαιμόνιον ''daimonion'')។<ref name="DDD">van der Toorn, Becking, van der Horst (1999), ''Dictionary of Deities and Demons in The Bible'', Second Extensively Revised Edition, Entry: '''Demon''', pp. 235-240, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company,{{ISBN|0-8028-2491-9}}</ref>
=== Christian demonology ===
{{Main article|Christian demonology|Exorcism in Christianity|Exorcism in the Catholic Church|Demonic possession#Christianity}}
[[ឯកសារ:Jheronimus_Bosch_050_detail_01.jpg|ស្តាំ|រូបភាពតូច|''[[Death and the Miser]]'' (detail), a [[Hieronymus Bosch]] painting, [[National Gallery of Art]], [[Washington, D.C.]]]]
In the Christian Bible, the deities of other [[Religion|religions]] are sometimes interpreted or created as "demons" (from the [[Greek Old Testament]] δαιμόνιον ''daimonion'').<ref name="DDD">van der Toorn, Becking, van der Horst (1999), ''Dictionary of Deities and Demons in The Bible'', Second Extensively Revised Edition, Entry: '''Demon''', pp. 235-240, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company,{{ISBN|0-8028-2491-9}}</ref> The evolution of the [[Devil in Christianity|Christian Devil]] and [[pentagram]] are examples of early rituals and images that showcase evil qualities, as seen by the Christian churches.
Since [[Early Christianity]], demonology has developed from a simple acceptance of demons to a complex study that has grown from the original ideas taken from Jewish demonology{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} and Christian scriptures. Christian demonology is studied in depth within the [[Roman Catholic Church]],<ref>[http://www.sanctamissa.org/EN/resources/books-1962/rituale-romanum/57-exorcism-introduction.html Exorcism], ''Sancta Missa – Rituale Romanum'', 1962, at [http://www.sanctamissa.org/ sanctamissa.org], Copyright © 2007. Canons Regular of St. John Cantius</ref> although many other Christian churches affirm and discuss the existence of demons.<ref>Hansen, Chadwick (1970), ''Witchcraft at Salem'', p. 132, Signet Classics, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 69-15825</ref><ref>Modica, Terry Ann (1996), ''Overcoming The Power of The Occult'', p. 31, Faith Publishing Company,{{ISBN|1-880033-24-0}}</ref>
វិជ្ជាដែលសិក្សាពីអារក្ស បានវិវត្តពីលក្ខណៈសាមញ្ញមួយ ទៅជាការសិក្សាដ៏ស្មុគស្មាញមួយ ដែលគំនិតនេះដំបូងឡើយមានប្រភពចេញពីវិជ្ជាដែលសិក្សាពីអារក្ស របស់ពួកយូដា (Jewish demonology) និង បទគម្ពីរគ្រីស្ទាន។<ref>[http://www.sanctamissa.org/EN/resources/books-1962/rituale-romanum/57-exorcism-introduction.html Exorcism], ''Sancta Missa – Rituale Romanum'', 1962, at [http://www.sanctamissa.org/ sanctamissa.org], Copyright © 2007. Canons Regular of St. John Cantius</ref><ref>Hansen, Chadwick (1970), ''Witchcraft at Salem'', p. 132, Signet Classics, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 69-15825</ref><ref>Modica, Terry Ann (1996), ''Overcoming The Power of The Occult'', p. 31, Faith Publishing Company,{{ISBN|1-880033-24-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fathercorapi.com/articledet.asp?articleID=1928275639|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040405135007/http://www.fathercorapi.com/articledet.asp?articleID=1928275639|archivedate=2004-04-05|title=Angels and Demons – Facts not Fiction|publisher=fathercorapi.com}}</ref>
Building upon the few references to ''daemons'' in the New Testament, especially the poetry of the Book of Revelation, Christian writers of [[apocrypha]] from the 2nd century onwards created a more complicated tapestry of beliefs about "demons" that was largely independent of Christian scripture.
[[ឯកសារ:Schongauer_Anthony.jpg|ធ្វេង|រូបភាពតូច|[[Anthony the Great|St. Anthony]] plagued by demons, [[The Temptation of St Anthony (Schongauer)|engraving]] by [[Martin Schongauer]] in the 1480s.]]
The contemporary Roman Catholic Church unequivocally teaches that angels and demons are real beings rather than just symbolic devices. The Catholic Church has a cadre of officially sanctioned exorcists which perform many [[Exorcism|exorcisms]] each year. The exorcists of the Catholic Church teach that demons attack humans continually but that afflicted persons can be effectively healed and protected either by the formal rite of exorcism, authorized to be performed only by bishops and those they designate, or by prayers of deliverance, which any Christian can offer for themselves or others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fathercorapi.com/articledet.asp?articleID=1928275639|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040405135007/http://www.fathercorapi.com/articledet.asp?articleID=1928275639|archivedate=2004-04-05|title=Angels and Demons – Facts not Fiction|publisher=fathercorapi.com}}</ref>
នៅសម័យផ្សេងៗក្នុងប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រគ្រីស្ទាន គេបានព្យាយាមធ្វើចំណាត់ថ្នាក់អារក្ស ទៅតាមឋានានុក្រមផ្សេងរបស់វា។
At various times in Christian history, attempts have been made to classify demons according to various proposed [[Demonic hierarchy|demonic hierarchies]].
នៅក្នុងកណ្ឌគម្ពីរម៉ាកុស មានសរសេរថា ព្រះយេស៊ូវបានដេញអារក្សដែលធ្វើទុក្ខមនុស្សដោយជំងឺផ្សេងៗ ឲ្យចេញពីពួកគេ។ ព្រះអង្គក៏បានប្រទានអំណាចនោះ ដល់ពួកសាវ័ករបស់ព្រះអង្គដែរ។
In the Gospels, particularly the [[Gospel of Mark]], Jesus cast out many demons from those afflicted with various ailments. He also lent this power to some of his disciples ({{bibleref2|Luke|10:17}}).
[[Apuleius]], by [[Augustine of Hippo]], is ambiguous as to whether ''daemons'' had become "demonized" by the early 5th century:<blockquote>He [Apulieus] also states that the blessed are called in Greek ''eudaimones'', because they are good souls, that is to say, good demons, confirming his opinion that the souls of men are demons.<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Augustine of Hippo]]|work=City of God|chapter=Chapter 11: Of the Opinion of the Platonists, that the Souls of Men Become Demons When Disembodied|url=http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf102.iv.IX.11.html}}</ref></blockquote><ref name="Zeitlin59">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v_seJ21M0UoC&pg=PT59|title=The Historical Muhammad|date=19 March 2007|publisher=Polity|isbn=978-0-7456-3999-4|page=59|author=Irving M. Zeitlin}}</ref><ref name="Zeitlin59" /><ref name="Zeitlin59" /><ref>''Ibn Taymiyah's Essay on the Jinn (Demons)'', abridged, annotated and translated by Dr. Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips, International Islamic Publishing House: Riyadh, p. 19 (note 4).</ref><ref>https://shaikhsohail.wordpress.com/2008/06/13/demonology-in-islam/</ref><ref>Charles Mathewes ''Understanding Religious Ethics''John Wiley & Sons{{ISBN|978-1-405-13351-7}}page 249</ref> <ref>Patrick Hughes, Thomas Patrick Hughes ''Dictionary of Islam'' Asian Educational Services 1995 page 137{{ISBN|978-8-120-60672-2}}</ref><ref>Yasmin Henkesh ''Trance Dancing with the Jinn: The Ancient Art of Contacting Spirits Through Ecstatic Dance'' Llewellyn Worldwide 2016{{ISBN|978-0-738-74742-2}}</ref><ref>Patrick Hughes, Thomas Patrick Hughes ''Dictionary of Islam'' Asian Educational Services 1995 page 135{{ISBN|978-8-120-60672-2}}</ref><ref>el-Sayed El-Aswad ''Religion and Folk Cosmology: Scenarios of the Visible and Invisible in Rural Egypt'' Greenwood Publishing Group 2002{{ISBN|978-0-897-89924-6}}page 153</ref><ref>Amira El-Zein ''Islam, Arabs, and Intelligent World of the Jinn'' Syracuse University Press 2009{{ISBN|9780815650706}}page 44</ref><ref>Thomas Patrick Hughes ''Dictionary of Islam'' Asian Educational Services 1995{{ISBN|978-8-120-60672-2}}page 134; Amira El-Zein ''Islam, Arabs, and Intelligent World of the Jinn'' Syracuse University Press 2009{{ISBN|978-0-815-65070-6}}page xvi</ref><ref name="Psmith112">{{cite book|title=An Introduction to the Baha'i Faith|last=Smith|first=Peter|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-521-86251-6|page=112|ref=harv|place=Cambridge}}</ref><ref>A.E. Waite, ''The Book of Black Magic'', (Weiser Books, 2004).</ref><ref>The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca – page 95, Rosemary Guiley – 2008</ref><ref>Freud (1950, 65), quoting Wundt (1906, 129).</ref><ref>Freud, S. (1950). ''Totem and Taboo''. London:Routledge</ref><ref>Peck, M.S. (1983). ''People of the Lie: The Hope For Healing Human Evil''</ref><ref>Peck, M.S. (2005). ''Glimpses of the Devil: A Psychiatrist's Personal Accounts of Possession, Exorcism, and Redemption''.</ref><ref>[http://www.salon.com/2005/01/18/peck_5/ The exorcist], an interview with M. Scott Peck by Rebecca Traister published in [http://www.salon.com/index.html Salon]</ref><ref name="Woods" /><ref>[http://www.beliefnet.com/story/159/story_15928.html The Patient Is the Exorcist], an interview with M. Scott Peck by Laura Sheahen</ref><ref name="Woods">[http://www.natcath.org/NCR_Online/archives2/2005b/042905/042905m.htm The devil you know], ''National Catholic Reporter, April 29, 2005, a commentary on'' Glimpses of the Devil ''by Richard Woods''</ref><ref name="WoodsInfo">[http://www.dom.edu/newsroom/experts/faculty/faculty_w.html#woods Dominican Newsroom] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829121523/http://www.dom.edu/newsroom/experts/faculty/faculty_w.html#woods|date=August 29, 2012}}</ref><ref name="WoodsBio">{{cite web|url=http://richardwoodsop.net/site/Bio.php|title=RichardWoodsOP.net|publisher=RichardWoodsOP.net|date=|accessdate=2014-03-12|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228051312/http://richardwoodsop.net/site/Bio.php|archivedate=2013-12-28|df=}}</ref><ref name="bustedhalo">{{cite web|last=Haarman|first=Susan|url=http://bustedhalo.com/features/the-devil-and-the-details/2|title=BustedHalo.com|publisher=BustedHalo.com|date=2005-10-25|accessdate=2014-03-12}}</ref><ref>SN Chiu, “Historical, Religious, and Medical Perspective of Possession Phenomenon” in Hong Kong Journal of Psychiatry, (East Asian Archives of Psychiatry, 2000).</ref><ref>“Demon” in Britannica Concise Encyclopedia,</ref>
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